uTheology

Original Languages & Lexical Studies

The Languages of Holy Scripture

To understand the depth of biblical revelation, we look to the three languages used by the inspired authors. Each offers a unique window into the cultural and theological landscape of the ancient world. Use this interactive dashboard to examine root morphology and critical text definitions.

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Filter the live critical database by entering a Strong’s number, language, translation value, or transliterated name below.

Term / ID Translit. Language Core Definition Theological Significance
בָּרָא H1254 Bara' Hebrew To Create / Shape Used exclusively in scripture with God as the subject. Implies a sovereign, effortless creation ex nihilo (out of nothing) or radical transformation.
Λόγος G3056 Logos Greek Word / Reason / Plan In Johannine Christology, this describes the eternal, uncreated second person of the Trinity incarnate as Jesus Christ. Bridges Greek philosophy and Jewish Wisdom literature.
חֶסֶד H2617 Hesed Hebrew Covenant Love / Mercy A core divine attribute denoting unshakeable, legally-bound loyalty, lovingkindness, and grace extended to covenant partners despite failures.
Δικαιοσύνη G1343 Dikaiosynē Greek Righteousness / Justice Central to Pauline soteriology. Denotes the judicial standard of absolute moral rectitude, and the imputed state given to human beings by faith.
אֱלָהּ H426 'Elah Aramaic God / Deity The Aramaic cognate of the Hebrew Eloah. Extensively utilized throughout the narrative chapters of Daniel and Ezra to establish authority over pagan empires.
Ἅγιος G0040 Hagios Greek Holy / Set Apart Describes intrinsic separation from the profane and common world. Applied structurally to things, places, the Spirit, and the communal body of believers (Saints).
שָׁלוֹם H7965 Shalom Hebrew Peace / Wholeness Far deeper than a simple absence of conflict. It refers to a state of complete harmony, systemic soundness, prosperity, and well-being in relation to God and community.
Ἐκκλησία G1577 Ekklesia Greek Assembly / Church Literally meaning "called-out ones." In classical Greek, it was a political assembly of citizens. Co-opted by early Christians to designate the community gathered under the lordship of Christ.
נֶפֶשׁ H5315 Nephesh Hebrew Soul / Living Being / Throat Often mistranslated via Greek dualism as an immaterial soul trapped inside a body. Instead, it indicates the complete, physical, breathing, living creature—vitality itself.
Χάρις G5485 Charis Greek Grace / Favor The unmerited, benevolent favor of God toward individuals who have no legal claim to it. It reflects both the gift itself and the transforming operational power it exerts on the recipient.
שְׁמַע H8085 Shema Hebrew Hear / Obey In Hebrew psychology, listening and taking action are a single cognitive function. To truly "hear" God is to obey Him; there is no structural concept of hearing without active implementation.
Κένωσις G2758 Kenosis Greek Emptying / Pouring Out Derived from Paul's description of Christ in Philippians 2, who "emptied himself" by laying aside his divine privileges to take on human form and suffer a servant's death.